Welcome to HTML Basics. This
workshop leads you through the basics of Hyper Text Markup Language (HTML).
HTML is the building block for web pages. You will learn to use HTML to author
an HTML page to display in a web browser.
Objectives:
By
the end of this workshop, you will be able to:
·
Use
a text editor to author an HTML document.
·
Be
able to use basic tags to denote paragraphs, emphasis or special type.
·
Create
hyperlinks to other documents.
·
Create
an email link.
·
Add
images to your document.
·
Use
a table for layout.
·
Apply
colors to your HTML document.
Prerequisites:
You will need a text editor, such
as Notepad and an Internet browser, such as Internet Explorer or Netscape.
Q: What is Notepad and where do I
get it?
A: Notepad is the default Windows
text editor. On most Windows systems, click your Start button and choose
Programs then Accessories. It should be a little blue notebook.
Mac Users: SimpleText is the default text
editor on the Mac. In OSX use TextEdit and change the following preferences:
Select (in the preferences window) Plain text instead of Rich text and then
select Ignore rich text commands in HTML files. This is very important because
if you don't do this HTML codes probably won't work.
One thing you should avoid using
is a word processor (like Microsoft Word) for authoring your HTML documents.
What is an html File?
HTML
is a format that tells a computer how to display a web page. The documents
themselves are plain text files with special "tags" or codes that a
web browser uses to interpret and display information on your computer screen.
·
HTML
stands for Hyper Text Markup Language
·
An
HTML file is a text file containing small markup tags
·
The
markup tags tell the Web browser how to display the page
·
An
HTML file must have an htm or html file extension
Try It?
Open
your text editor and type the following text:
<html>
<head>
<title>My First
Webpage</title>
</head>
<body>
This is my first homepage.
<b>This text is bold</b>
</body>
</html>
Save the file as mypage.html.
Start your Internet browser. Select Open (or Open Page) in the File menu
of your browser. A dialog box will appear. Select Browse (or Choose
File) and locate the html file you just created - mypage.html - select
it and click Open. Now you should see an address in the dialog box, for
example C:\MyDocuments\mypage.html. Click OK, and the browser
will display the page.
Example Explained
What you just made is a skeleton
html document. This is the minimum required information for a web document and
all web documents should contain these basic components. The first tag in your
html document is <html>. This tag tells your browser that this is the
start of an html document. The last tag in your document is </html>. This
tag tells your browser that this is the end of the html document.
The text between the <head>
tag and the </head> tag is header information. Header information is not
displayed in the browser window.
The text between the <title>
tags is the title of your document. The <title> tag is used to uniquely
identify each document and is also displayed in the title bar of the browser
window.
The text between the <body>
tags is the text that will be displayed in your browser.
The text between the <b> and
</b> tags will be displayed in a bold font.
HTM or HTML Extension?
When you save an HTML file, you
can use either the .htm or the .html extension. The .htm extension comes from
the past when some of the commonly used software only allowed three letter
extensions. It is perfectly safe to use either .html or .htm, but be
consistent. mypage.htm and mypage.html are treated as different files by
the browser.
How to View HTML Source
A
good way to learn HTML is to look at how other people have coded their html
pages. To find out, simply click on the View option in your browsers toolbar
and select Source or Page Source. This will open a window that shows you the
actual HTML of the page. Go ahead and view the source html for this page.
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